Dr. Dayo Oluyemi-Kusa

Wednesday, 2 October 2019

NIGERIA @ 59

Is there a better place to be to celebrate at 59 on , 1st October 2019? I was at 's (1st Unity Photo & History Gallery in Nigeria) panel discussion in . I spoke on the theme: 'Celebrating the strength of our togetherness'.

speaking on the theme: 'Celebrating our togetherness'

L-R: Ms. discussing with Dr. Dayo Oluyemi-Kusa. Novo took Dayo on a guided tour of the gallery.

I like to see young Nigerians doing innovative things! Ms. Novo Isioro (Founder/Curator ANiSZA Foundation), transformed disused cabins into a photo gallery that tells the story of Nigeria. She conceptualised telling the history of Nigeria in pictures. Lest I forget, she was the 's official photographer for his first term (2015-2019). ANiSZA's photo exhibition is now a yearly event. The maiden edition was held last year, with the VP in attendance.

At least more than 200 students were in attendance at this year's event! They came to learn about the history of their country via pics. They also learnt from experienced panelists who explained project Nigeria to them. It is instructive that I was the only panelist born before independence. I told them about the Nigeria I grew up in, and they were able to compare with the Nigeria they know.

Novo with some of the students @ the event

The following things I told the young persons in the audience about the Nigeria in which I grew up intrigued them:

*We were given nutritious lunch daily in my Primary School, (a public school). Powdered milk was never in short supply daily.

*It was very safe for young children to commute to and from school without an iota of fear of being kidnapped or molested on the way.

*There was nothing like insurgency, rural banditry, Niger Delta crisis, etc.

*To us kids, at that time, it didn't matter where you came from, we were ALL Nigerians.

*An adult neighbour could correct and even punish you for an offence before your parents' arrival and as such elicit praise and thanks from your mom and dad.

*I was never a JAMBITE. I wrote entrance exam into each University of my choice. I got admission to each University SEPARATELY and decided to attend in 1975. I graduated in 1980 with a Second Class Upper Division (Political Science).

*Before I graduated, I had secured employment in at least three blue chip companies viz; Lever Bros. Nigeria Ltd (Unilever), and . All these companies came to interview us in my final year at the University of Ife! I rejected ALL the employment offers because I wanted to pursue my Master's Degree at the in Political Science, which I completed in 1982.

The above were novel as far as the young members of my audience were concerned. They wanted to hear more! I told them all was not lost. The Nigeria of tomorrow is to be shaped by them and their unborn children. They were told to obtain their once they clock 18 years of age so they could determine who 'governs' them.

Novo explaining the essence of a photo (showing Nigeria's founding fathers) to Dayo.

After the first session, where the panel discussed the strength in our diversity, there was a second session which comprised a fashion show that depicted what's typical of each of the . Then there was '' (spoken word) - all eliciting positive narratives about Nigeria. Yummy! Yummy! came next - Opportunity to taste food from the six geo-political zones. The food was sumptuous...I could not have thought of anything better to do on Independence day than to give hope to the next generation of Nigerians.

Kudos to Novo and her formidable team for this laudable venture! Many Nigerians below 40 have no idea about many events in the country before they were born. With innovations like this, the story is likely to change for the better...

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*SERAP asks President Buhari to stop Governors from 'borrowing' N17trnfrom pension fund https://t.co/bmmIGSBib?amp=1

*Nigerian farmers blame food shortage on attacks by bandits, herdsmen today.ng

*Nigeria submits BH-based movie to the Oscars allafrica.com/view/group/mai...

*The Babangida in all of us guardian.ng

*Yemoja, yearly festival by the Yorubas aje.io/zucek

*How graduates can generate self-employment guardian.ng

*Sterling Bank named best workplace in Nigeria in the 'Large Corporates' category punchng.com

*US removes reciprocity fees on visa for Nigerians premiumtimesng.com

*Nigerian citizens and the state of the nation/federation - Ebere Onwudiwe https://opinion.preiumtimesng.com/2020/12/07/nigerian-citizens-state-federation/

*Youth resume EndSARS protest in Oshogbo https://www.premiumtimesng.com/regional/south-west/429872-youth-resume#endsars-oshogbo/

*President Buhari threatens to 'deal decisively with violent protesters' https://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/headlines/429878-buhari-threatens.../

*Hisbah, death for blasphemy - Reasons the US blacklisted Nigeria by Fredrick Nwabufo bit.ly/3m709zJNigeria's

*Nigeria's first animated movie allafrica.com/view/group/mai...

*Nigeria's crisis of Presidential accountability newsdiaryonline.cm/nigerias-crisis-presidential-accountability/

*The Prosecutor of the ICC says she has enough evidence to open formal investigations on Nigeria against BH, ISWAP & Nigerian Army HQ for crimes against humanity & war crimes icc-cpi.intharan student mobility universityworldnews.com

*Global lenders raise pressure on Nigeria to reform currency https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2020-12-12/global-lenders-raise-pressure-on-nigeria-reform-currency/

*Econet moves back to Nigeria with $100m Data Centre facility https://nairametrics.com/2020/12/12/econet-moves-back-to-nigeria.../

*Nigeria leads in Sub-Sahara student mobility universityworldnews.com

*Why real change proves elusive in Nigeria by M.J. Balogun opinion.premiumtimesng.com/2020/12/13/why-real-change-proves-elusive-in-nigeria/

*Shell's polluting activities in the Niger Delta https://lnkd.in/dJ_YHSZ #oil #environment #pollution #fishing #oil&gas

*Schools without guns https://nextierspd.com/schools-without-guns/

*Notes on fake decolonisation: What counts as authentic decolonisation? https://africasacountry.com/2020/12/notes-on-fake-decolonisation/

*Conflict potentials of the 2020 Water Resources Bill nextierspd.com

*CBN revokes operating licences of 42 Microfinance Banks https://ashenewsonline.com/gneral-news/cbn-revokes-operating-licence-42-mfbs/

*Income inequality leads to pervasive inequalities in access to education, healthcare and finance. It also hampers the quality of and quantity of economic growth ow.ly/g1PR5QzCQZO

*African-made content is crossing over into the real global cultural mainstream: Nigerian artistes blaze the trail economist.com

*Horrific practice of burning crime suspects punchng.com

*Nigeria: Insecurity - 349 killed, 290 kidnapped in violent attacks across Nigeria in November 2020 - Report premiumtimesng.com

*Founder, Leadership Newspaper (1962 - 2020) by Reuben Abati bit.ly/3awGELM

*Ekiti translates Amotekun law into Yoruba language thenatononlineng.net

*New Covid-19 variant (lineage B.1.1.7) in the UK now in Nigeria premiumtimesng.com

*Nigeria's oil faces threat as electric vehicle sales rise punchng.com

*Release of Kankara boys : The perfect Christmas present for Nigerians - Ebere Onwudiwe opinion.premiumtimesng.com

*The linguistic famine https://africasacountry.com/2020/09/black-saibs-decolonising-language/

*Africa's trade agreement: Great expectations, tough questions issafrica.org

*3 ways Nigeria's digital economy can improve in 2021 theafricareport.com

*30 interesting facts about Nigerian leaders https://buff.ly/2ycw7aI

*Ungoverned spaces: Why communities must fight back by Jibrin Ibrahim https://opinion.premiumtimesng.com/2021/01/08/ungoverned-spaces.../

*CAC implements CAMA Act 2020, introduces self-service portal - Registrar General https://t.co/f4JMR

*5 prominent Nigerian Professors lost to Covid-19 https://thenationonlineng.net/five-prominent-nigerian-professors-lost-to-covid-19/

*Naira slumps further, exchanges at N437/$1 (January 13, 2021) punchng.com

*Africa's free trade agreement: Great expectations, tough questions issafrica.org

*The tragic delusions of white exceptionalism africasacountry.com

*Nigerian teen jailed for blasphemy has sentence quashed edition.cnn.com

*How Africa can benefit from the new commodity super cycle issafrica.org

*Nigerian confraternities & the increase in human trafficking across Europe https://africa.org/nigerian-confraternities-human-trafficking-europe/

*Cameroon-Nigeria: Will there be a defined border soon? t.co/STCpcVAID8... theafricareport.com/62740/cameroon-nigeria-defined-border.../

*The need to stop the ethnic conflagration now by Bashir Othman Tofa opinion.premiumtimesng.com/2021/02/02/the-need-stop-thnic-conflagration/

*Biden's likely policy towards Africa by Oseloka Obaze https://guardian.ng/opinion/bidens-likely-policy-towards-africa/

*CBN orders Nigerian Banks to close cryptocurrency accounts https://www.premiumtimesng.com/business/440826-cbn-orders-banks-to close-cryptocurrency accounts/

*Cryptocurrency & Nigerians: 7 things you should know punchng.com

*Nigeria's runaway inflation means low treasury bill yields will not last theafricanreport.com

*Black faces in high places: Ngozi Okonjo-Iweala & bid for WTO DG africasacoutry.com/2021/02/black-faces-high-places/

*How women fared in Nigeria's 2019 elections cddwestafrica.org/how-women-fared-nigerias-2019-elections/

*Nigeria's economy has been hit by the pandemic, sharp drop in oil prices and capital flight. Here are 4 recommendations from IMF's annual review ow.ly/RFsJ5ODuga

*While Nigeria bans Cryptocurrency, Telsa buys bitcoin big premiumtimes.com

*Covid vaccines: Nigeria receives highest allocation in Africa punchng.com

*The mis-eduaction of the Nigerian middle class africasacountry.com

*Pan-Africanism today freedomlb.org

*6 main reasons why we banned Cryptocurrency -CBN https://thenationonlineng.org.../

*The pandemic in violent zones of Nigeria nextierspd.com

*Nigeria to vaccinate 109 million citizens against Covid-19 in 2 years africa.cgtn.com

*UK Supreme Court battles Environmental Justice for poor Nigerians: Oil-polluted Nigerian communities can sue Shell in English Courts youtube.com

*EFCC uncovers Internet Fraud Training Centre in Abuja channelstv.com/2021/02/18/efcc-uncovers-iftc-abuja/

*On-going insecurity in Nigeria: Era of contradictions nextierspd.com

*Telling Nigerian stories outside of Lagos & mainstream Nollywood africasacountry.com

*Gunmen kidnap scores of schoolboys in central Nigeria bangkokpost.com

*Nigeria has banned Cryptocurrency: Elon Musk says Bitcoin slightly 'better' than holding cash reuters.com

*Ethnic profiling: Sasha & the Shashasha among us by Jibrin Ibrahim https://www.premiumtimes.com/opinion/443825-ethnic-profiling-sasha.../

*Ngozi Okonjo-Iweala's triumph & lessons for Nigeria reubenabati.com.ng

*EndSars: The Precariat & Nigeria's political sociology by Jibrin Ibrahim https://twitter.com/jibrinibrahim17?lang=en

*Nigeria hails appointment of Dr. Ngozi Okonjo-Iweala's historic appointment as DG, WTO allafrica.com/view/group/mai...# Nigeria

*Banditry, lawlessness & the failure of law reform in Nigeria by Dr. Sam Amadi https://www.thecable.ng/banditry,lawlessness-failure-law-reform-nigeria/.com/

*Regulate Cryptocurrency, don't kill it, VP Osinbajo tells CBN channelsty.com/2021/02/26/regulate-cryptocurrency-dont-kill-it-vp-osinbajo/

*The Kalashnikov challenge: Nigerian insecurity, poverty & conflict by Jibrin Ibrahim premiumtimesng.com

*Nigeria's new Military Chiefs face uphill battle chatamhouse.org

*Wave of violence nextierspd.com

*Is the future of Africa's amateur cinema streaming? africasacountry.com

*Nigeria's rail cost exceeds AU's estimates by over 100% guardian.com

*Gully erosion threatens lives and livelihoods in Nigeria climatetracker.org

*Fela met Sandra Izsadore in California during a 10 month US tour with the Koola Lobitos in 1969. Izsadore, a Black Rights activist, introduced Fela to the writings of Malcolm X, Franz Fanon & the philosophy of Blackism. During Black History Month, 2021, she wrote about her time with Fela. https://felakuti.com/news/sandra-izsadore/

*Nigerian NGOs issue ultimatum to President Buhari over inscurity https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/

*By targeting schools, Nigerian kidnappers put country at risk france24.com

*Hundreds of girls missing aftergunmen raid boarding school thetimes.co.uk

*More Nigerians don't trust government, fear losing jobs more than Covid-19 nairametrics.com

*Measuring the cost of not counting Africa's dead bbc.com

*Black History Month: Chimamanda N. Adichie's recommended reads amazon.com

*The death of cities in the wake of Covid-19 africasacountry.com

*Covid-19: How 5 hardest hit countries in Africa are coping https://www.premiumtimes.com/.../444184-covid-19-how-african-states-coping-covid-19/

*Banana peels Bawa must avoid as EFCC Chair guardian.com

*Over 30 million poor Nigerians now on Social Register - FG reubenabati.ccom.ng

*Black people in history: Little-known figures to know cnn.com

*The African agenda @ the WTO issafrica.org

*The Nigerian dream is to leave Nigeria africasacountry.com

*Nigeria: 4 incidents of student kidnap in less than 60 days! thecable.index

*Bitcoin plunges, Ethereum suffers, Musk loses billions cointelegraph.com

*War on education in Nigeria nextierspd.com

*Pioneers in Black Studies africasacountry.com

*Jebba food blockade: Affected traders lament more than N1b losses premiumtimesng.com

*They said they'll shoot: Jangeba schoolgirls recount kidnap ordeal reuters.com

*Why Africans keep migrating to cities thhps://www.dw.com/en/why-africans-migrate-cities/av-56621524

*Has Africa's time @ the WTO come? by Teniola Tayo https://ow.ly/mdIR50DMkSU

*Between abduction & freedom nextierspd.com

*Despite his age, Abdulrasheed Bawa faces the same challenges his predecessors faced by Ibrahim Farouk (YIAGA Africa) https://www.legit.ng/1405920-opinion-bawa-sentiments-youth-participation-politics-anti-corruption/

*10 things Nigerians expect from Bawa as EFCC Chair premiumtimesng.com

*BH teams up with bandits in Nigeria issafrica.org #LakeChadBasin

*Shooting mars reunion of freed schoolgirls with parents france24.com

*#EndSARS: How media report citizens' #5 for 5 demand yiaga.org

*Khalifa Muhammadu Sanusi II: A phoenix rises by Muhammad Abu Ihsan newsdiaryonline.com

*Burna Boy wins 2021 Grammys - Best Global Music Album community.thenationonlineng.net

*Wizkid wins Grammy with Beyonce's collaboration channelstv.com/2021/03/14/breaking-wizkid-wins-grammy.../

*Nigeria needs justice, not payoffs in order to build peace by Oge Onubegu https;//www.usip.org/publications/2021/03/nigeria-needs-justice-not-payoffs.../

*Nigeria's inflation hits 18.7% (as at 15th April, 2021) amid high food prices allafrica.com/stories/202104...

*Waterpreneurs cash in on Nigeria's water delivery crisis allafrica.co/view/group/mai...

*Rescuing Nigeria from failure https://nextierspd.com/rescuing-nigeria-from-failure/

*Nigeria suspends Twitter operations after social media platform freezes President's account washingtonpost.com

*78% Nigerian power consumers get less than 12-hour supply a day - World BANK punchng.com

*Ngozi, Tedros, Diop, etc. are Africa's voices on the global stage theafricareport.com

*How Chad leader, Idris Deby's death may affect Nigeria's security allafrica.com

*Geopolitics in the 21st century: Territories, identitiesand foreign policies https://www.psa.org/na/book/geopolitics.../

*Sad week in Nigeria (25th April 2021); Over 239 killed, 44 kidnapped in separate incidents premiumtimesng.com

*Nigeria's lawmakers sat for only 14 days in 3 months, missing deadlines for passing key laws premiumtimes.com

*African dictatorships and the coupthat claimed it wasn't by Jibrin brahim newsdiaryonline.com

*Lessons from Igbo trans-generational apprenticeship/entrepreneurship: Why it matters theconversation.com

*Kaduna State University increases fees for non-indigenes from N26,000 to N500,000 instagram.org

*Like Canada, US warns citizens against travelling to Nigeria icirnigeria.org

*That 'Nigeria first' foreign policy initiative guardian.ng

*7 African nations Nigerians can travel to by rad community.thenationonlineng.net

*ECOWAS Court orders FGN to pay $200,000 (N90m) to ex-Air Force woman 'raped, illegally dismissed' premiumtimes.com/news/458816-ecowas-court-orders-fg-pay-$200,000-to-ex-air-force-woman-raped-illegally-dismissed/

*Nigeria: Attacks on public infrastructure nexterspd.com

*Buying freedom: The ransom-kidnap 'industry' in Nigeria nextierspd.com

*Southern Nigeria Governors ban open grazing, call for national dialogue allafrica.com/view/group/mai...

*Will digital currencies wipe out crypto? trib.al/sTNHt1B

*Nigeria's possible futures & trajectories by Jibrin Ibrahim premiumtimesng.com

*The new colonialism: Western states are now exploiting Africa by dumping bio-hazardous waste dailymaverick.co.za

*A Kano state High Court has fined Gov. Abdullahi Ganduje N800,000 for wasting its time after he discontinued his defamation of character suit against an online publication, Daily Nigeria ait.live

*Federal High Court in Abuja vindicates former Finance Minister, Kemi Adeosun, says she was ineligible for NYSC ait.live

*42 CSOs allege plot by NASS to manipulate key provisions of the Electoral Act amendment Bill vanguardngr.com

*World Bank urges Nigeria to rethink fuel subsidy, multiple exchange rates allafrica.com

*Why nominations are a headache for any Political Party allafrica.com

Friday, 27 September 2019

MEDIATING NATURAL RESOURCE CONFLICTS IN AFRICA

In the last two decades, many of the are as a result of disagreement about the relationship of citizens with the extant natural resources in their clime. Some examples are the over crude oil/; the about fodder/water, and the use of land by both farmers and herders. Indeed, these conflicts have regional, continental and international dimensions; etc. However, not much attention has been paid to the germane issue for mediating these conflicts with a view to transforming them into more manageable forms in order to ensure continued peaceful coexistence.

@ the West Africa Network for Peace-building (WANEP) & African Peace-building Network (APN) workshop on ': Connecting Practice to Research & Policy'.

There was a pot potpourri of academics/researchers, practitioners and policy makers at the workshop:

* - Programme Director, APN
*Dr. Emeka Eze - Executive Director, WANEP
*Ms. Bridget Osakwe - National Coordinator, WANEP Nigeria
*Dr. Dayo Oluyemi-Kusa - Conflict Transformation Expert & Member,
*Dr. Nathaniel Danjibo - IPSS, University of Ibadan
*Umar Ahmed - Usman Danfodiyo University, Sokoto
*Godfrey Maringira - University of Western Cape, South Africa
*Dr. Onyinye Oyindo - University of Port Harcourt
*Prof. Felix Asogwa - Enugu State University of Technology (ESUT)
*Jacinta Nwaka - Dept. of History, University of Benin
*Nathaniel Awuapila - CORAFID, Nigeria
*Ebenezer Asiedu - ECOWAS MFD
*Abubakari Ahmed - UDS, Wa, Ghana

After exhaustive deliberations, the following observations were made:

*Natural resources are a major cause of conflicts in Africa.
*Land, the main source of the natural resources, is loaded with historical, spiritual and cultural significance that goes beyond its contemporary value in many cases.
*Local disputes over natural resources may have national, regional, continental and international dimensions.
*Natural resources are managed by complex and overlapping systems of traditional and modern institutions.
*There is for natural resources traded on the international market.
*Violent conflicts over natural resources likely to occur in countries with weak institutions.
*There is a lack of in the management of for natural resources.
*Responses to natural resource conflicts are reactive rather than proactive.
*Early warning about natural resource conflict is not often accompanied by to same.
*Reportage of natural resource conflict discountenances sensitivity.
*There is no database of natural resource conflict mediators in Africa.

The following were recommended:

*More attention should be paid to prevention, management and mediation of natural resource conflicts in Africa.
*The spiritual, historical and cultural dimensions of in Africa should be taken into consideration by researchers, practitioners and policy makers in their work.
*The national, regional, continental and international dimensions of local natural resources conflicts should be taken cognisance of by mediators, practitioners and researchers.
*African countries need to develop strong institutions which would put effective and efficient modalities in place for the prevention and management of natural resources conflicts.
*There should be revenue transparency in the natural resource sector. There should be prior to export.
*Early warning of impending natural resource conflict should be complemented by early response.
*Reportage of natural resource conflict should pass the sensitivity test.
*Members at the inaugural workshop on 'Mediating natural resource conflicts...' should form the core of mediators in the field of natural resource conflict. More intensive training and interaction/workshops/conferences, etc are however needed.
*The trained core of ' ' could form the team for '' commissioned by .
*The comprising academics, practitioners and policy makers should be housed in the interim by WANEP.
*A database of natural resource conflict mediators should be compiled and constantly updated.

This is indeed a successful maiden outing for an ambitious project to identify and nurture academics, practitioners and policy makers who could effectively mediate natural resource conflicts in Africa. Bravo!

Related Links

*Mediation & the principle of emergence - Kluwer Blog https://lnkd.in/eNaDmRz
*Why empathy may be the most important skill you'll ever need to succeed in Mediation https://www.inc.com/yoram-solomon/10-reasons-empathy-is-most-important-skill-you-will-ever-need
*Interface between traditional and modern approaches to Conflict Mnagement by Iddy Ramadhani Magoti https://www.youtube.com/watch
*How to argue in a healthy way thriveglobal.com/stories/how-to-argue-in-a-healthy-way/
*From Sudan to Mali, how climate wars are breaking out across the Sahel https://www.middleeasteye.net/news/sudan-mali-conflict-climate-wars-conflict-sahel/
*5 reasons why Mediation should be mandatory https://www.thehrdirectory.com/five-reasons-why-mediation-needs-to-be-mandatory/
*Natural resources, sustainable development & peace in Africa wilsoncentre.org/webcast-natural-resources-sustainable-development-peace-in-africa/
*Will the colonised ever speak? https://africasacountry.com/2020/01/will-the-colonised-ever-speak?/
*How are you showing up as an active listener during Mediation? 5 steps to avoid the-advisor.co/how-are-you-showing-up-as-an-active-listener/
*Watchdog Mediation: Mediation is increasing in consumer disputes https://bit.ly/2GGHdpr
*5 ways to boost your bottom-line with empathy during Mediation https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/5-ways-to-boost-your-bottom-line-nina-majaniemi/
*Negotiation: Moving beyond intractability https://www.beyondintractability.org/essay/negotiation
*Silence as argument in conflict situations https://www.synergycoaching.com/2020/02/silence-as-argument/
*How to be a good listener https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2020/jan/20/how-to-be-good-listener/
*Breaking Nigeria/Africa's 'resource curse' through eco-system investing https://allafrica.com/news/group/main/id/00072071.html
*What is 'deep listening' during Mediation & how can it help during the Covid-19 pandemic? thriveglobal.com/stories/deep-active-listening-support-mental-health-empathy-cov-connection/

*What great listeners actually do https://trib.al/WPz4Y8t

*3 ways to build empathy in Mediation http://t.ted.com/6TeMiRG

Friday, 20 September 2019

FARMER-HERDER RELATIONS IN THE LAKE CHAD & WESTERN SAHEL

The Forum on Farmer-Herder Relations in Nigeria (FFARN) expanded its scope beyond analysis of the Nigerian situation. The conference held in between the 18th and 19th of September 2019 was attended by practitioners, academics, policy makers and other stakeholders from both . There was cross-fertilisation of ideas on the following areas: . I was a major stakeholder at the parley.

L-R: Nicolas Wicaksono (Research Fellow, SFCG) & Dr. Dayo Oluyemi-Kusa

FFARN, under the auspices of Search for Common Ground (SFCG) collaborated with the Institute for Peace & Conflict Resolution (IPCR), Abuja to examine cross-cutting issues on the selected themes mentioned above in the and . I retired from IPCR in 2010 as the pioneer Director, External Conflict Prevention & Resolution. I was the very first and only female Director in IPCR to date.

The following were some of the participants:

* - Prof. of Peace Studies, UI & Keynote Speaker
*Dr. Bakut Tswah Bakut - DG IPCR
*Sher Ali Nawaz - Country Director, SFCG
*Dr. Andrew Kwasari - SSA to the President on Agriculture
*Dr. Shidiki Abubakar Ali - University of Bamenda
*Dr. Dayo Oluyemi-Kusa - Independent Consultant/Conflict Transformation Expert & Fmr. Director, IPCR
*Dr. Chris Kwaja - Centre for Peace & Security Studies, MAUTECH
*Dr. Koffi Alinon - Independent Consultant, Togo
*Dr. Saleh Momale -Kaduna State Peace Commission
*Dr. Joseph Ochogwu - IPCR
*Ms. Grace Awodu - IPCR
*Alice Kambire - West Africa Network for Peace-Building (WANEP)
*Djafarou Amadou - L'Association pour la Redynamisation de L'Elevage au Niger (AREN)
*Senator Shehu Sanni - Nigeria
*Dr. Anthony Bature - Federal University, Wakuri
*Abdoulaye Guindo - Association pour la Promotion des Initiatives de Developpment Communautaire (APIDC)
*Antoine Monemou - Association de Cooperation et de Recherche pour le Developpement (ACORD)
*Toyin Falade - SFCG
*Nathaniel Awuapila - Civil Organisations Research Advocacy & Funding Initiatives Development (CORAFID)
*Philip Vande - Federal University, Gusau
*Joseph Gimba - Centre for Peace Education & Community Development, Jalingo
*Adagba Okpaga - Centre for Peace & Development Studies, Benue State University
*Dr. Diamond Preye - Abdulsalami Abubakar Institute for Peace & Development Studies (AAIPSDS), Minna
*Chom Bagu - Mennonite Economic Development Associates (MEDA), Bauchi
*Dr. Ardo Aliyu - APESS
*Dr. Aboki Nawani - Centre for Youth, Women & Community Action, Lafia
*Dr. Agoso Bamaiyi - Adamawa State Agency for Peace, Rehabilitation & Reconstruction

A major observation was that many of the problems related to farmer-herder issues are similar across Anglophone and Francophone countries. Some of the observations and recommendations were:

*There is intensified '' as a result of the farmer-herder crisis. Food scarcity is rampant.
*The societal fabric is broken. Symbiotic relationship between farmers and herders stalled. The means of livelihood is now skewed.
* The conference should be made an annual event.
*Extant rules and regulations for stock routes should be re-visited.
*There is mass displacement of the populace which has led to serious humanitarian problems.
*Indigenous knowledge, which is widely available in the region should be deployed to solve the problems of farmers and herders.
*Value should be added to agricultural products across the value chain.
*Relevant technology, including AI, should be deployed to solve extant problems.
*Both farmers and herders are assets.
*Laws promulgated to solve the farmer-herder problem have now become part of the problem.
*Re-vitalisation of the needs urgent attention. The effort of the Lake Chad Basin Governors' Forum is noted in this regard. See for example my Blog post on the Governors' first conference: dayokusa.blogspot.com/2018/05/lake-chad-basin-governors-forum-lcbgf.html #LCBGF
*The Private Sector should be involved as part of the solution.
*Ungoverned spaces within nation-states continue to fuel crime. Vigilante groups are trusted more than government security forces.
*There should be greater collaboration between practitioners, academics and policy makers.
*Early response to conflict should complement identified early warning signs.
*In recent times, the intersection between farmer-herder crisis, rural banditry, kidnapping etc. is blurred because they often occur simultaneously.
*We need more positive narratives as regards the farmer-herder crisis.
*The National Livestock Transformation Plan (NLTP) in Nigeria, recently adopted by the 19 northern states and the 'Agro Rangers Specialised Force are some good practices from Nigeria that could be examined in countries in the region under review. The Togo 'grazing zones' where a decent amount is paid on each cow, results in considerable income. This is another good practice for other countries to emulate.
*Security is beyond perimeter fencing. It is important to also enhance human security which ensures a level of confidence building in the populace.

A major take away was that regional solution to the farmer-herder crisis should be intensified because the challenge is beyond borders. Beyond working in silos, nation-states should reach out across the region for sustainable action to resolve the crisis. ECOWAS and the AU have critical roles to play in this regard.

Related Links

*The ECOWAS Community Court of Justice orders the Federal Government of Nigeria (FGN) to investigate the January 2018 'mass killings and destruction of property in Benue state https://www.today.ng/news/nigeria/ecowas-court-orders-federal-government-mass-killings https://t.co/klB2G.wiyS
*Conflict prevention in the Sahel: Emerging practice across the UN - The UN must act earlier, often in non-Muslim settings where the UN is led by a Resident Coordinator (RC) https://cpr.unu.edu/conflict-prevention-in-the-sahel-emerging-practice-across-the-un
*Effort of the Judiciary in resolving the farmer-herder crisis in the Middle-Belt of Nigeria https://soundcloud.com/sfcg-nigeria/effort-of-the-judiciary-resolving-farmer-herder-crisis-middle-belt-nigeria/

*France to withdraw troops from the Sahel region https://www.overt.defense.com/2020/11/12/france-to-withdraw-troops-from-sahel-region
*The warning signs are flashing red: The interplay between climate change & Violent Extremism (VE) in the Western Sahel by Tom Midendrop & Reinier Bergema icct.nl/publication/the-warning-signs-are-flashing-red-the-interplay-between-climate-change-and-violent-extremism/
*Mapping the Geography of political violence in North & Central Africa https://oecd-development-matters.org/2019/10/17/mapping-the-geography-of-political-violence-in-north-and-west-africa/
Towards sustainable peace: Development approaches to tackling fragility, conflict and violence https://live.worldbank.org/sustainable-peace-development-tackling-fragility-conflict-violence
*The warning signs are flashing red: The interplay between climate change & violent extremism in the Western Sahel https://icct.nl/publication/the-interplay-between-climate-change-violent-extremism/
*Report: Liptako-Gourma is the epicentre of a security crisis affecting the Sahel-Saharan strip http://ow.ly/yedA50ytSqg
*Grappling with Sahelian insecurity https://t.co/ug1J1fcXzB #WestAfricaInsight
*West African Presidents urge US to stay in the fight against terrorism www.washingtonpost.com/world/africa/west-africa.../2020/01/20/
*Western Sahel: Protests & Risks www.weforum.org>agenda>2019/01>all-the-warning-signs.../
*Growing violence in West Africa http://www.theendofhistory.net/.../ep-225-growing-violence-in-west-africa?
*Violence in the West African/Sahel region https://nextierspd.com/.../recovering-the-sahel.../
*We have to stop destroying nature - and 2020 should be the year we act https://bit.ly/2tTObVa
*Africa's pastoralists: A new battleground for terrorism https://africacentre.org/spotlight/africa-pastoralists-battleground-terrorism/
*Changing contexts & dynamics of farmer-herder conflicts https://www.researchgate.net/publication/260326683_changing_dynamics_farmer_herder_conflicts_across_west_africa/
*Understanding farmer-herder conflicts in West Africa https://www.researchgate.net/publication/277358041_understanding_farmer_herder_conflicts_in_west_africa/
*Growing herdsmen militancy is adding to West Africa's insecurity https://theconversation.com/growing-herdsmen-militancy-adding-to-west-africas-insecurity/
*Herdsmen militancy & humanitarian crisis in Nigeria https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/...
*The trajectories & dynamics of herdsmen militancy https://iiardpub.org/get/jhsp/vol2 no1 2016/thetrajectories.pdf
*Climate change, migration & conflict in West Africa https://cdn.americaprogress.org/wp-content/.../issues/2012/04/pdf/climate-migration-nwaafrica.pdf
*CoV: Loneliness is a modern invention - Understanding that history can us get through this pandemic https://time.com/5828736/loneliness-cov-history/

*Integrated approach to building peace in Nigeria's farmer-herder conflict nigeria.un.org/en/92147-integrated-approach-building-peace-nigerias-farmer-herder-conflict/

*Climate war in the Sahel? Pastoral insecurity in West Africa is not what it seems - Leif Brottem https://www.newsecuritybeat.org/2020/11/climate-war-sahel-pastoral-insecurity-west-africa/

*Urban elites' livestock exacerbate farmer-herder tensions in Africa's Sudano-Sahel https://www.newsecuritybeat.org/2019/06/urban-elites-livestock-exacerbate-farmer-herder-tensions-sudano-sahel/

*How gum acacia trees could help build peace in the Sahel https://www.newsecuritybeat.org/2020/03/gum/acacia-trees-build-peace-sahel/

*When climate change meets positive peace https://www.newsecuritybeat.org/2019/07/climate-change-meets-positive-peace/

*Climate change: Recognising the impact on West Africa https://cddelibrary.org/.../climate-change-impact-west-africa/

*Stabilising the Sahel nextierspd.com

*African land grabbing: Whose interests are served? guardian.ng https://t.co/ng2NIoyCiN?amp=1

*Sahel: What to look out for in 2021 theafricareport.com

*Sahel violence: Stepping back from the precipice https://bit.ly/3rC5GRW

*West Africa Transitional Justice mechanisms need bottom-up approach humanangle.ng

*G5 Sahel: N'Djemena Summit should re-define France-Sahel cooperation issafrica.org

*Sahelian crisis https://nextierspd.com/sahelian-crisis/

Saturday, 3 August 2019

THE PERCEPTION OF TIME IN NIGERIA

has not changed since I wrote a chapter titled 'The Perception of time in Nigeria' in the 1998 publication edited by & titled: 'Time & development in the thought of Sub-Saharan Africans'. The publication was the result of a two-day conference held in when I was Head, Department of Political Science, Lagos State University (). See http://books.google.com/books?id=fm11EvIOKykC&pg=PA163&lpg=PA163&dq=perception+of+time+nigeria...

African scholars from more than twenty countries converged in Dakar to x-ray the concept of time in their various countries. Nigerians continue to attend serious conferences, symposia, parties, workshops, etc very very late. This is what I wrote about Nigerians and their lack of respect for time in 1998. The situation remains the same.

'The average Nigerian believes that time should understand him/her and not that he/she should understand time. That is why he/she always comes late for every occasion/event because he/she does not want to be the first to arrive. Someone or many people must come before him/her. Since each person wants the other person to come before him/her, then nobody is there early and almost every event begins late.' - (1998)

Nigerians seem to have a cyclical perception of time. This lack of respect for time remains a national embarrassment! Many believe the more behind schedule you are when you arrive at any event is a measure of how 'important' you are. Some even want every other person seated so that their so called 'show-stopper attire' is easily noticed - those labelled 'slay queens & kings' come to mind. They then pose for the cameras. But we are ridiculing ourselves before the rest of the world! How wrong can individuals be when assessing their 'level of importance' vis-a-vis how late they attend events. In my opinion, those who come late to events ridicule themselves...

Related Links

*: How your brain creates now https://www.newscientist.com/article/mg22530030-500-the-time-illusion-how-your-brain-creates-now/
*: How your brain creates the 4th dimension https://www.newscientist.com/article/mg24332370-500-the-time-paradox-how-your-brain-creates-the-fourth-dimension/
*: Is time an illusion? https://www.newscientist.com/article/mg23130890-900-metaphysics-special-is-time-an-illusion/
* isn't real: We just got space & time all wrong newscientist.com/article/mg24332440-600-quantum-weirdness-isnt-real-we-just-got-space-and-time-all-wrong
*Why you never have enough time, and what to do about it thriveglobal.com/stories/why-we-never-have-enough-time/
*How to figure out what's worth spending time on thriveglobal.com/stories/time-management-skills-productivity-focus-tips/

*7 non-essential tasks to give up to regain your time thriveglobal.com/stories/nonessential-tasks-let-go-give-up-tips/

*You are not crunched for time, you are just making these 8 time management mistakes entrepeneur.com/article/3589832.../
*Is reality real? How evolution binds us to the truth about the world newscientist.com/article/mg24332410-300-is-reality-real-how-evolution-binds-us-to-the-truth-about-the-world/
*Time nature of consciousness: Solving the biggest mystery of your mind newscientist.com/article/mg24332480...time-nature-of-consciousness-solving-biggest-mystery-mind/
*Why it's time to call time on the 'nature vs nurture' debate newscientist.com/article/mg24432601-800-why-its-time-to-call-time-nature-vs-nurture-debate/
*The tyranny of time https://www.psychotherapynetworker.org/magazine/.../2436/the-tyranny-of-time/
*What's reality? What's the world's true nature? newscientist.com/article/mg24532670-700-what-is-reality.../
*True nature of consciousness: Solving the biggest mystery of your mind newscientist.com/article/mg24332480-00-true-nature.../
*The time paradox: How your brain creates the 4th dimension newscientist.com/article/mg24332370-500-the-time-paradox-how-your-brain-creates-the-fourth-dimension/
*Time-travel paradoxes via William Gibson's Agency newscientist.com/article/mg24532640-500-william-gibsons-agency-drops-time-travel-paradoxes-for-big-questions/
*Time lapse blognostics.net/blognostics-an-innovative-experience-in-literature-poetry-and-art/2020/02/16/time-lapse-biognostics/
*Limitation to time & space: Even a computer the sizeof the universe can't predict everything newscientist.com/article/2239097-even-a-computer-cant-predict-everything/

*Make time when there is none https://reclaim.ai

*Inside the incredibly slow race to re-invent time newscientist.com/article/mg2432960-900-inside-slow-race-re-invent-time

*How to calculate the true value of your time https://www.entrepreneur.com/article/356697.../

*Introduction to the Big O Notation, Time & Space Complexity https://dev.to/skaytech/a-gentle-introduction-to-the-big-o-notation-time-space-complexity/

*6 ways to maximise your time while working from home entrepreneur.com/article/356979/

*: For centuries, Africans have measured time/seasons/directions by the stars https://pressoffice.mg.co.za/content/dg45va620e7X9l8

*Did time flow in two directions from the Big Bang making two futures? newscientist.com

*According to neuroscience, taking a break from our busy schedules & devoting some to time to doing nothing is key to fostering creativity entrepreneur.com

*The 21st century time machine: Virtual Reality (VR) in the history classroom carleton.edu